The introduction of a predator can decrease species coexistence. These researchers tested this hypothesis and found that, on the contrary, populations of a prey species were reduced after a predator was introduced - not by getting eaten, but by shifting habitat to avoid the introduced predator. "It's so rare in ecology to be able to manipulate whole ecosystems," Pringle says.Īdds Betsy von Holle, a program director in NSF's Division of Environmental Biology, which funded the research, "classic ecological theory suggests that predators promote prey diversity by reducing populations of abundant prey species. The biologists introduced the other two lizards separately or in combination. The brown anoles were established on all 16. ![]() The researchers traveled to 16 small islands in the Bahamas, which they used as experimental ecosystems. The results appear in the journal Nature. For example, optimal foraging behavior may shape functional responses (how predation rate changes with prey density) 2224 and coevolution helps structure predatorprey communities 2528. To tackle the question, the team used three lizard species: the predatory curly-tailed lizard and two prey species, green anoles and brown anoles. "The ways in which prey change their behavior to avoid getting eaten is a hard thing to predict, but without understanding that, you can't predict anything else." "You can't understand predator-prey interactions - or how predators will affect biodiversity and ecosystems - without understanding the behavior of the prey," says Pringle. The destruction is usually blamed on the predator's eating choices, but sometimes the key is the prey animals' responses, according to a team of researchers led by ecologist Robert Pringle at Princeton University and colleagues at the University of Florida and other institutions. In fact, a leading cause of extinction is the introduction of predators into an isolated place like an island or a lake. ![]() Invading predators can devastate an ecosystem.
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